How Long Is A Marathon? 4 Methods of Measuring Marathon Length

How Long Is A Marathon – The Metric Answer

The official, globally recognised marathon length is 26.219 miles or 42.195 kilometers.

That’s the standard, objective metric measurement.

(and if you’re wondering How Long is a Half Marathon, the official half marathon length is 13.11 miles or 21.0975 kilometers).

If you’ve just googled ‘How Long Is A Marathon?’, then well done, you should be pretty satisfied.

But wait!

There are other, more interesting ways to describe the length of a marathon . . . let’s look at how to measure a marathon comparatively, subjectively, and emotionally…

(Ever wondered why a marathon is such a weird, seemingly random length?   The story behind the explanation of 26 miles and 385 yards starts in ancient Greece, makes a turn at the first Olympic marathon, and ends in front of the royal Queen Alexandra in 1908.   Here’s my summary of it.)

The Length of a Marathon – Objective Comparisons

Alright, so we’ve established a marathon to be 26.2-ish miles or 42.2 kilometers.  

That’s a pretty long distance, but how else might we describe it in terms that are easier to understand?

Hmm, something that is long in real-life, that everyone knows about. 

I’ll avoid all the clichés and go straight for the Golden Gate Bridge.

The Golden Gate Bridge – everyone’s favorite disaster movie prop – is 2,747m long, end to end.

How many times would you have to cross the Golden Gate Bridge to cover a marathon?

A full marathon is equivalent to running across the Golden Gate Bridge 15.3 times.

Ooft.

That’s pretty far.

Never been to San Francisco?

Alright, how about if we think about a football pitch (I’m favoring Europeans and referring to soccer, for you Americans).

The official size of a football pitch can actually vary, so I took the average measurements here.

The perimeter of your average football (soccer) pitch is 368m, so that means that in order to cover a full marathon, you’d have to run around a soccer pitch 114.7 times.  

Not much more comforting than the bridge calculation, is it?

How about we start to look at the distance of a marathon in slightly more abstract terms?

• Related: How Long Is A Half Marathon?

Marathon Distance vs. Level of Exertion

We can start by looking at one of the most important variables you’re aware of when you run a marathon; your level of exertion.

It’s an interesting way to consider the length of a marathon subjectively…

A typical, well-prepared marathon runner’s level of exertion will look something like the graph below.

The first half of a marathon should be relatively smooth; you’ve trained well, you’ve tapered, you’ve fuelled.   Your legs are poised, ready to carry you through the race.   Awesome.

Somewhere around the halfway point, something funny starts to happen.   You begin to notice that you’re not cruising quite like you were earlier. 

You’re maybe noticing slight signs of fatigue.   

In order to maintain a good pace, you’ve got to push yourself a bit more.

As the race continues, your energy levels continue to drop off, and you have to dig deeper – exert yourself more, that is – to keep running.

What is actually happening here (at least for most of us) is that the energy stored in your muscles – called glycogen – is being used up, and your body has to start burning fat as a source of energy.   

This is much less efficient as using glycogen for fuel, so it tends to leave us feeling terrible.

This is what happens when we hit The Wall (see my more long-winded summary here).

On the graph below, I’ve plotted glycogen level against exertion levels over time.   As you can see, from the moment you begin running you are depleting your glycogen levels.

It is only when running long distance, once these reserves are beginning to run dry that you will feel real fatigue and The Wall approaching.

The 26.2 Mile Marathon – The Perceived Distance

Alright, this one is a bit more Inception-ish and kinda hard to quantify.

It’s also much easier to understand if you have actually run a marathon.

Although we can say as a scientific fact that a marathon is 26.2 miles, anyone who has run one can tell you that this is both true and totally false.

26.2 miles is a distance you can drive in your car without really thinking about it.  You can probably cycle 26.2 miles without getting too out-of-shape about things, too.

26.2 miles is equal to two half-marathons.

But running a marathon is not just like running two half marathons.

Let me explain a little bit more.

Going back to the exertion graph, here’s roughly what a half marathon looks like (to someone who has prepared for a marathon):

Now here’s what two of those, back-to-back, look like, in terms of exertion:

Now let’s overlay the exertion level of an actual marathon, and you’ll see what I’m getting at:

OK so now the picture is getting a little busier – but hopefully, the message is clear.  Running a marathon is completely different to the experience of running a half-marathon, doubled.

(If you’re wondering why the exertion level climbs faster during half marathons, its because a runner will typically push herself harder when she knows she is getting closer to the end.  Same goes for why the starting exertion level is a little lower for a full marathon – runners will generally try and keep a little bit more fuel in the tank).

So, how could we portray a marathon in terms of perceived distance?

Hmm, let’s see…

The perceived distance graph shows how the first half of the marathon really is a piece of cake (at least, relative to the second half).

The first 10-15 miles will slide past pretty quickly; it is the second half that really seems to go on forever.

This isn’t just a trick of the brain – time really is relative.   Scientists will tell you time will go faster if you run faster (here’s a link).

But really, what happens during a long distance run like a marathon is more of a psychological effect.   The more significant an event, or the harder something is, the slower and meatier it feels in your brain – in terms of time dedicated to it.

This is why when you reflect on your daily commute, it may seem to pass by without you really being aware of it.   

But if one day you are in a car accident, suddenly that event becomes a significant part of your time – and in hindsight, you remember it much more richly than you would a typical day.

So you are more likely to perceive the second half of a marathon as much longer and more time-consuming, simply because it is going to be tougher and more involving than the first half.

The 26.2 Mile Marathon –  measured in Emotional Stages

Any marathon runner can tell you that running 26.2 miles is as much of a mental journey as it is a physical one.

In fact, I figured out recently that there are a total of 15 emotional stages to marathon running –check out the full blog here for a stage-by-stage psychological breakdown.

Here’s a summary of what to expect:

1. Anticipation: “Should I have gone to the toilet one more time?”   “Did I take enough gels?”  “Do my legs feel a bit weird?”
   
2. Sudden Euphoria: “This is awesome!  I’m flying!”
   
3. Adrenaline: “Hey, this is easier than I thought”
   
4. Fortitude: “There’s still a long way to go, but things are good”
   
5. Boredom: “Did I leave the bathroom light on this morning?”
   
6. Doubt: “Am I beginning to feel a little tired?”
   
7. Denial: “This is just a minor setback . . . ”
   
8. Anger: “Who made these things so long?”
   
9. Bargaining: “Maybe if I can just stop for a second, I’ll be fine…”
   
10. Depression: “Take me home”
    
11. Acceptance: “This hurts, but I guess I’ll continue”
    
12. Fortitude (again): “I’m going to finish this, come hell or high water”
    
13. Adrenaline (again): “Hey, I’m getting close to the finish line . . .  I’m actually going to finish this thing!”
    
14. Euphoria (again): “woohoo!”
    
15. The Afterglow: “that was awesome, I feel awesome…hey, maybe I could do another one of those sometime.”

Because I love graphs so much, to finish with here is the 15 emotional stages of marathon running in a nice wave, showing you how your mood is probably going to go during your marathon:

Read more about the 15 emotional stages of marathon running here.

Another article you might enjoy: When Was Running Invented?

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