BY ELIZABETH A. LOUGHREN, PhD, UNIVERSITY OF BIRMINGHAM, UK, AND MICHAEL L. SACHS, PhD, TEMPLE UNIVERSITY, USA

Marathon & Beyond readers may be interested in research articles published in 2011 on the marathon and ultramarathon. There were 1,219 references found using the key words “marathon or ultramarathon” in a SPORTDISCUS database search of 2011 publications. Many articles dealt with cycling, swimming, or golfing. A number of articles in 2011 focused on the debate over a two-hour marathon, the lead up to London and the 2012 Olympics, and marathon cheating. Most of these articles were in Marathon & Beyond or other related magazines/journals, such as UltraRunning (www.ultrarunning.com) or in more commonly known publications such as Runner’s World. Of these 1,219 articles, 46 were of a more academic nature, and these may be of interest to Marathon & Beyond readers.

Some of the articles listed below may be found online through a variety of databases; many are available in full-text versions. Please contact Michael Sachs at msachs@temple.edu if you have any questions about accessing the articles listed below.

This feature will continue to be a regular annual service of M&B to its readers. Angus, S. D., and B. J. Waterhouse. 2011. Pacing strategy from high-frequency field data: more evidence for neural regulation? Medicine & Science in Sports & Ex

ercise 43(12):2405-2411. Atkinson, G., C. E. Taylor, N. Morgan, L. R. Ormond, and G. A. Wallis. 2011. Prerace dietary carbohydrate intake can independently influence sub-elite marathon running performance. International Journal of Sports Medicine 32(8):611-617. Bargfeldt, C., M. Krogsgaard, and S. W. Rasmussen. 2011. Stress fracture in combina

tion with avulsion from the tibia in a marathon runner: a case report. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports 21(2):330-332.

Brown, S., G. Chiampas, C. Jaworski, and D. Passe. 2011. Lack of awareness of fluid needs among participants at a Midwest marathon. Sports Health: A Multidisciplinary Approach 3(5):451-454. Clark, N. 2011. Case study: nutrition challenges of a marathon runner with a gastric by

pass. International Journal of Sport Nutrition & Exercise Metabolism 21(6):515-519. Deaner, R. O., K. S. Masters, B. M. Ogles, and R. A. LaCaille. 2011. Marathon performance as a predictor of competitiveness and training in men and women.

Journal of Sport Behavior 34(4):325-342. Frick, B. 2011. Gender differences in competitive orientations: empirical evidence from ultramarathon running. Journal of Sports Economics 12(3):317-340. Genin, J., R. Mann, and D. Theisen. 2011. Determining the running-related injury risk

factors in long distance runners. British Journal of Sports Medicine 45(4):349. Goodsell, T. L., and B. D. Harris. 2011. Family life and marathon running: constraint, cooperation, and gender in a leisure activity. Journal of Leisure Research 43(1): 80-109. Guillaume, Y. M. 2011. Can neuromuscular fatigue explain running strategies and

performance in ultra-marathons? Sports Medicine 41(6):489-506. Haney Jr., T. A., and J. A. Mercer. 2011. A description of variability of pacing in marathon distance running. International Journal of Exercise Science 4(2):133-140. Hew-Butler, T., M. D. Hoffman, K. J. Stuempfle, I. R. Rogers, N. G. Morgenthaler,

and J. G. Verbalis. 2011. Changes in copeptin and bioactive vasopressin in runners with and without hyponatremia. Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine 21(3):211-217. Hoffman, M. D., and K. Fogard. 2011. Factors related to successful completion of

a 161-km ultramarathon. International Journal of Sports Physiology & Performance 6(1):25-37. Hunter, S. K., A. A. Stevens, K. Magennis, K. W. Skelton, and M. Fauth. 2011. Is there a sex difference in the age of elite marathon runners? Medicine & Science

in Sports & Exercise 43(4):656-664. Joyner, M. J., J. R. Ruiz, and A. Lucia. 2011. The two-hour marathon: who and when? Journal of Applied Physiology 110(1):275-277. Khodaee, M., R. Myers, J. Spittler, J. Lee, J. Hill, and D. Yeakel. 2011. Risk factors

for injuries in a high-altitude ultramarathon. British Journal of Sports Medicine 45(4):355-356. Kipps, C., S. Sharma, and D. Pedoe. 2011. The incidence of exercise-associated hyponatraemia in the London marathon. British Journal of Sports Medicine 45(1): 14-19. Knechtle, B., P. Knechtle, C. Mrazek, O. Senn, T. Rosemann, R. Imoberdorf, and P.

Ballmer. 2011. No effect of short-term amino acid supplementation on variables related to skeletal muscle damage in 100 km ultra-runners—a randomized controlled trial. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition 8(1):6-13. Knechtle, B., P. Knechtle, and T. Rosemann. 2011. Low prevalence of exercise

associated hyponatremia in male 100 km ultra-marathon runners in Switzerland. European Journal of Applied Physiology 111(6):1007-1016. Knechtle, B., P. Knechtle, T. Rosemann, and R. Lepers. 2011. Personal best mara

thon time and longest training run, not anthropometry, predict performance in

recreational 24-hour ultrarunners. Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research 25(8):2212-2218. Knechtle, B., P. Knechtle, T. Rosemann, and O. Senn. 2011. What is associated with race performance in male 100-km ultra-marathoners—anthropometry, training

or marathon best time? Journal of Sports Sciences 29(6):571-577. Krabak, B. J., B. Waite, and M. A. Schiff. 2011. Study of injury and illness rates in multiday ultramarathon runners. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise

43(12): 2314-2320. Kröger, K., N. Lehmann, L. Rappaport, M. Perrey, A. Sorokin, T. Budde, G. Heusch, K-H Jöckel, P. D. Thompson, R. Erbel, and S. Möhlenkamp. 2011. Carotid and peripheral atherosclerosis in male marathon runners. Medicine & Science in Sports &

Exercise 43(7):1142-1147. Krouse, R. Z., L. B. Ransdell, S. M. Lucas, and M. E. Pritchard. 2011. Motivation, goal orientation, coaching, and training habits of women ultrarunners. Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research 25(10):2835-2842. Larson, P., E. Higgins, J. Kaminski, T. Decker, J. Preble, D. Lyons, K. McIntyre, and

A. Normile. 2011. Foot strike patterns of recreational and sub-elite runners in a long-distance road race. Journal of Sports Sciences 29(15):1665-1673. Lee, J. K. W., A. Q. X. Nio, W. H. Ang, C. Johnson, A. R. Aziz, C. L. Lim, and T. T.

Hew-Butler. 2011. First reported cases of exercise-associated hyponatremia in Asia. International Journal of Sports Medicine 32(4):297-302. Legaz-Arrese, A., K. George, L. Carranza-García, D. Munguía-Izquierdo, T. MorosGarcía, and E. Serrano-Ostáriz. 2011. The impact of exercise intensity on the

release of cardiac biomarkers in marathon runners. European Journal of Applied Physiology 111(12):2961-2967. March, D. S., P. M. Vanderburgh, P. J. Titlebaum, and M. L. Hoops. 2011. Age, sex, and finish times as determinants of pacing in the marathon. Journal of Strength &

Conditioning Research 25(2):386-391. Millet, G. Y., J. C. Banfi, H. Kerherve, J. B. Morin, L. Vincent, C. Estrade, A. Geyssant, and L. Feasson. 2011. Physiological and biological factors associated with

a 24 h treadmill ultra-marathon performance. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports 21(1):54-61. Mohseni, M., N. Chiota, A. Roy, and B. Eidelman. 2011. Severe hypophosphatemia and acute neurologic dysfunction in a marathon runner. Clinical Journal of Sport

Medicine 21(3):269-270. Morin, J. B., K. Tomazin, P. Edouard, and G. Y. Millet. 2011. Changes in running mechanics and spring-mass behavior induced by a mountain ultra-marathon race. Journal of Biomechanics 44(6):1104-1107. Nicolas, M., M. Banizette, and G. Y. Millet. 2011. Stress and recovery states after a

24 h ultra-marathon race: a one-month follow-up study. Psychology of Sport & Exercise 12(4):368-374. Parise, C. A., and M. D. Hoffman. 2011. Influence of temperature and performance level on pacing a 161 km trail ultramarathon. International Journal of Sports Physiology & Performance 6(2):243-251.

Parker, B., A. Augeri, J. Capizzi, C. Troyanos, P. Kriz, P. D’Hemecourt, and P. Thompson. 2011. Effect of air travel on exercise-induced coagulatory and fibrinolytic activation in marathon runners. Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine 21(2):126-130. Parker, D. T., T. W. Weitzenberg, A. L. Amey, and R. J. Nied. 2011. Group training

programs and self-reported injury risk in female marathoners. Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine 21(6):499-507. Pauline, G. 2011. Law review: the liability of marathon organizers. JOPERD: The Journal of Physical Education, Recreation & Dance 82(1):9-11. Rogers, I. R., G. Hook, K. J. Stuempfle, M. D. Hoffman, and T. Hew-Butler. 2011.

An intervention study of oral versus intravenous hypertonic saline administration in ultramarathon runners with exercise-associated hyponatremia: a preliminary randomized trial. Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine 21(3):200-203. Scheer, B., and A. Murray. 2011. Al Andalus ultra trail: an observation of medical

interventions during a 219-km, 5-day ultramarathon stage race. Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine 21(5):444-446. Scherr, J., S. Braun, T. Schuster, C. Hartmann, S. Moehlenkamp, B. Wolfarth, A. Pressler, and M. Halle. 2011. 72-h kinetics of high-sensitive Troponin T and

inflammatory markers after marathon. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 43(10):1819-1827. Schwellnus, M. P., S. Allie, W. Derman, and M. Collins. 2011. Increased running speed and pre-race muscle damage as risk factors for exercise-associated muscle

cramps in a 56 km ultra-marathon: a prospective cohort study. British Journal of Sports Medicine 45(14):1132-1136. Tanda, G. 2011. Prediction of marathon performance time on the basis of training indices. Journal of Human Sport & Exercise 6(3):511-520. Theiss, J. L., M. L. Fink, and J. P. Gerber. 2011. Deep vein thrombosis in a young mara

thon athlete. Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy 41(12):942-947. Wegelin, J. A., and M. D. Hoffman. 2011. Variables associated with odds of finishing and finish time in a 161-km ultramarathon. European Journal of Applied Physiol

ogy 111(1):145-153. Wilson, M., R. O’Hanlon, S. Prasad, D. Oxborough, R. Godfrey, F. Alpendurada, G. Smith, J. Wong, S. Basavarajaiah, S. Sharma, A. Nevill, D. Gaze, K. George, and G. Whyte. 2011. Biological markers of cardiac damage are not related to measures

of cardiac systolic and diastolic function using cardiovascular magnetic resonance and echocardiography after an acute bout of prolonged endurance exercise. British Journal of Sports Medicine 45(10):780-784. Wilson, M., R. O’Hanlon, S. Prasad, A. Deighan, P. MacMillan, D. Oxborough, R.

Godfrey, G. Smith, A. Maceira, S. Sharma, K. George, and G. Whyte. 2011. Diverse patterns of myocardial fibrosis in lifelong, veteran endurance athletes. Journal of Applied Physiology 110(6):1622-1626. Zouhal, H., C. Groussard, G. Minter, S. Vincent, A. Cretual, A. Gratas-Delamarche,

P. Delamarche, and T. D. Noakes. 2011. Inverse relationship between percentage body weight change and finishing time in 643 forty-two-kilometre marathon runners. British Journal of Sports Medicine 45(14):1101-1105.